bonesinger

What I'm specifically asking is not tutorials or code academy-like websites. I'm looking for primers/website/books that organize information about computer science and web development, for example: how does the web work? What is a session? What are protocols? The information I'm looking for is the type you learn in a Computer Science class, not something like Udacity. I want to know and why how stuff works, not just "this is how you do it." The reason for this is because I’ve had some entry-level web dev interviews, but I didn’t know enough of the basic foundational questions to get past the 1st round. I attribute it to my lack of formal education in the computer science field. At best I can categorize myself as someone who just hacks code together (I think someone used the analogy on HN, the difference between a cook who cobbles food together and a chef who creates and innovates?).

EDIT: Thanks! I've got a lot of information from everyone and I'm going to go through it bit by bit.

I realize I wrote a rather misleading question. I am interested in Computer Science and its abstract topics as well as networking/web topics. I want to know what technology I'm working on and how it works, and I want that theoretical background so that I can be a better programmer.