PC Engine CPU (opens in new tab)

The PC Engine CPU is highly underrated. People like to go "haha, it was the TurboGrafx-16 but its CPU was 8-bit" like that makes it a joke, but that clock speed boost on top of the 6502 architecture is a big deal. (The S-CPU on the SNES still has an 8-bit data bus too, so the 16-bit advantage isn't as strong as it seems)

The Arcade Card add-on was designed specifically around using the transfer instructions to rapidly transfer graphics into VRAM, something it was very good at. Made some really good Neo Geo ports possible.

I didn't grow up with the PC Engine or TurboGrafx, but I did start getting into it after I got the MiSTer.

I find that the unsuccessful [1] consoles are generally pretty bad. The 3DO and the Jaguar and CD-i are mostly pretty crappy, and while it can be fun to play for a novelty and you might even find one or two games that make it worth it, the vast majority of the time there's a reason that people don't seriously revisit these consoles. To be clear, I did grow up with a 3DO and Jaguar (well, I got both when I was thirteen), so I'm not speaking out of my ass here.

So I was actually very surprised that the TurboGrafx games were actually quite good. Like, I kept going through random games, and I was shocked to find that a lot of them were actually very well made; decent graphics, tight controls, and fun gameplay.

There are terrible games on there, but I was kind of shocked to find that they appear to be outliers.

Now I kind of wish I had grown up with the Turbografx.

[1] A relative term, I acknowledge

The PC Engine's CPU is probably its strongest aspect, Hudson did a great job here. Going with a really fast 8-bit CPU makes much more sense than Nintendo's choice of going with a slow 16-bit CPU, especially when the screen is 256 pixels wide so most of the calculations a game would be doing are only 8 bits anyway. Even when you have to do 16-bit calculations, the SNES CPU still has an 8-bit data bus so it doesn't have much of an advantage over the PC Engine (all 16-bit operations take extra cycles compared to their 8-bit counterparts). In practice, fast action games like shooters play a lot more smoothly on the PC Engine than on the SNES. This problem is exacerbated by the fact that the SNES CPU provides the option of running at ~3/4 speed if the publisher didn't want to pay for faster ROMs, so a lot of games have unnecessary slowdown because the publisher wanted to save 50 cents per cartridge.

Where the PC Engine ends up weaker is in the video processor. That generation of consoles was able to do more with the video hardware than previous generations (like the NES and Master System) due to faster RAM becoming available. The PC Engine used the additional bandwidth to make it possible for the CPU to access video memory while the screen is being drawn, while the SNES kept the restriction that you can only access video memory during vblank and instead used the additional bandwidth for more background layers. Being able to access video memory all the time is definitely a useful feature, but the result is that PC Engine games often look more flat than SNES games.

I restored a PC Engine a year or two ago and I also became fascinated by the hardware. The HuC6270 VDC/HuC6260 VCE graphics system is actually very flexible for the kinds of games the system was designed to play. If I remember correctly, it has background tilemaps, sprites, scrolling, 64kb video RAM, and a 512 colour palette. The hardware sprites/scrolling is what makes it feel more arcadey a lot of the time.

Given the 8-bit CPU it feels a lot more like a 16-bit system to me. The dedicated sprites/scrolling hardware instead of a more bitmap/framebuffer focused design meant things like shooters and platform games played amazingly well.

Soldier Blade, R-Type, Air Zonk, Bonk, etc felt amazing. Given the formfactor and the cool card cartridge format I can see why it was so popular in Japan.

I once read that PC-Engine almost used the Motorola 68000. I'm a nerd so I bookmarked the reference.

https://archive.org/details/beep198807/page/n45/mode/2up

"According to Mr. Nakamoto of Hudson, during the development of the PC engine, he also made a prototype of an experimental machine and a game using that 68000."

Diehard Gamefan was a magazine that gushed over the console’s engineering and its releases quite frequently while mainstream rags barely mentioned it. I could never afford it, even the handheld was eye-bulging expensive, but I could at least experience it vicariously, poring over the screenshots, amazed at the gorgeous sprites and artwork. Now that I can run it on emulators I fully understand the hype.

Still own multiple TG-16’s. The CD-ROM attachment plus Ys: Book I & II was a modern technical marvel at the time.

Hearing full hi-fi stereo anime rock and roll instead of chip tunes blew my mind back in the day.

Wow I haven’t thought about this console since the early 90s. It definitely did have good graphics.

Better go schedule that prostate exam

Since I missed this era of consoles, it took me a little bit to realize this wasn't about PC Engines[0] router/network/embedding computing equipment

[0]https://www.pcengines.ch/index.htm

There's a youtube channel that is documenting the entire japanese PC Engine game library: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL1sb8k4ZPagYwRxx-s3mr...

They previously did the entire famicon library.

Ah, I thought the URL sounded familiar. This is the dev of the new-on-the-scene but quite good jgenesis emulator. It started out doing just Sega systems, but has started branching out, sounds like the PCE is next.

The PC Engine was such a beautiful little console. It was mind blowing to see it the first time.