Those two pressure vessels are highly engineered and are wrapped with materials with pretty good tensile strength. Also, they’re made out of materials (fabric and rubber) that absorb a decent amount of energy when they tear and that don’t fragment. And the whole assembly usually depressurizes slowly.

Having personally blown up beverage bottles by overpressurizing them (be very very careful doing this!), when they go, they go violently.

Because the danger posed by a fairly low energy pressure vessel is highly related to it's failure mode. That's why OSHA has rules about what compressed air pipes can be made of--it's not about the pressure resistance, it's about what will happen if one fails.

It's likewise why most military boom is mostly not actually boom. With artillery you obviously need a very tough case, but standard aircraft-dropped iron bombs are mostly that: iron. They don't need that kind of strength except specialized bunker-busters, they're built that way because for a given weight of bomb you'll do more damage by throwing bits of bomb casing from a smaller charge than from a bigger charge without the fragments.

If this is a modern bike, 80psi is way too high. 50psi is sufficient and will give you a more comfortable ride as well as higher efficiency on real-world surfaces.

80+psi is for old-style road bikes with narrow 23mm tires. Modern bikes (even road bikes for racing) don't use these any more; 28mm is the minimum these days.

I suppose I should maybe not worry about 80 psi so much. An ordinary bottle of soda on a moderately warm day is around 80psi. The energy is 1/2 * pressure * head space (roughly), and head space is minimal. But you can chill it in the fridge, then open it and quickly pour out half, then close it and let it warm up, and you may still be near 80 psi, and I’ve never heard of anyone getting maimed by an exploding soda bottle.

If it fails by blowing the end off toward your face what damage will it do?