How to Succeed Once Hired?

It depends on what your definition of success is and where you're hired. There are plenty of books describing the way that each of the big tech companies work. Also plenty of books on how to get promoted to say a management position.

I recently moved to a Head of Engineering role and bought myself this book - https://www.amazon.com.au/First-Days-Updated-Expanded-Strate... - "First 90 days". It... helped. Nothing was really a surprise, but it did put some structure and strategy into what I needed to do to make sure that I transition well and... well.. to a certain extent "play the game".

I doubt it, as the possible environments and organisations can be so wildly different. Small vs large, startup vs mature, commercial (e.g. a profit-oriented company) vs non-commercial (government org, research facility, academia...) etc; and on top of that it is hugely the factor of the fostered culture, and ultimately the individuals you interact with on a daily basis.

I recommend: "The Prince" by Niccolo Machiavelli. tldr; Make your bosses look good.

Obviously you have to do your work very well and be aware of the various political machinations in play. The tricky thing about promotions is to never be a threat to those above the role you wish to be promoted into. Personal branding is good, but should never eclipse that of those who can promote you.