> but it is particularly hard to find a proper "guide" to get websites to the top of search results and sometimes I even end up reading contradictory information.
You could try my on-page SEO checker and best practices guide:
https://www.checkbot.io
It checks for SEO best practices that are mostly cited from things Google recommends e.g. avoid duplicate page titles, avoid temporary redirects, use human readable URL names, use canonical tags. Most of the tips are obviously beneficial for users too. I don't recommend paying attention to tricks that sound like they're trying to guess hidden details about how Google's algorithm works.
Following the above will give you a better chance of success by making your existing content more user and search-engine friendly but to get anywhere you must also be 1) publishing content and 2) getting backlinks.
Besides this, there's really no shortcuts. I find SEO news is mostly noise.