No, but then you run into Go's GC and green threads. File systems fit squarely in the realms of "systems programming" (old definition [1], not new). Languages like Ada, Pascal, C/C++, Rust and D (without GC).
[1] - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/System_programming_language
GIL is for safety and correctness, not speed.
Python is only slow if you use it wrong:
A good filesystem implementation requires tight memory management and good control of what happens at the OS level. I am not saying it can't be be done in python, but it clearly isn't the right tool for the job.
I meant that for a production implementation. Python is perfectly fine for a proof of concept, in fact, it may be better than jumping straight down to C. But keeping it for production is foolish IMHO.