Extra: What goes into building a international payments service like Paypal?
If anyone is looking to make a bid to buy us, since we're in the middle of selling this (due to a lack of funds), my email is francesco at atlasaf dot com
For instance here in South Africa, Stripe is not supported. As much as I would love to rather use Stripe it's just not an option for me unless I incorporated my business in the US with Atlas, which brings other headaches.
As CyberFonic has mentioned, building relationships with banks and credit card providers is a big undertaking. Which is probably why companies like Stripe opted for an Atlas-powered alternative for unsupported countries.
Having said that, I don't use PayPal when transacting with parties that I trust. In financial terms PayPal only captures about 15% or my business.
To answer your last question: It is a very large workload to establish relationships with banks and credit card companies in order to create a viable alternative to PayPal and then you still need to build up the user base. It can be done, but will take considerable resources and time to accomplish.
> I once saw a pdf which listed all the third parties that PayPal shares its information with. It was more than 30 pages.
What kind of info do they share with those third parties?
I think the GP's point stands, since the "unknown third-part[y]" that customers are usually most concerned about is the merchant, which Paypal definitely doesn't share payment info with (like CC numbers).
It's immatetial how much data paypal shares around. What's important is that I can share my CC with paypal and use paypal to buy stuff from any store that accepts it, and the risk of my CC data ending up in the private stash of any random CC fraudster is so low that such a thing is practically unthinkable.
It's great for small business owners that aren't doing a lot of volume, especially if you aren't running a cart system and just want to sell things on a basic website, sell stuff like art, sell stuff in person, buy stuff from people on reddit, ebay etc.
If you go a more traditional route you are going to have to have to apply to a credit card merchant, cough up an up-front fee that's probably 100$ or more, an annual fee, a per transaction set rate and then pay 2-5% of each transaction, end up getting slammed with 25-75$ (or more) chargeback fee and risk your rates going up if someone does a chargeback (instead of PayPal's dispute process) etc.
PayPal friends & family gets used like crazy in my office, we're far removed from Silicon Valley and I don't think anyone has ever even heard of Venmo here. We use it all the time to pay each other for lunch runs.
Secure? That can be debated. But it is the fastest way to pay for your online purchases. I know you're coming from a different standpoint ('Why do e-commerce businesses still use Paypal?' would have been a better title in that case) but a lot of end users probably won't switch because it's easy to use.
I personally like PayPal because then I only have to update my card info in one place as opposed to 50 different websites. Also when some random website gets hacked, I can be sure that my card info isn't getting leaked.
In addition, some sites only accept cards that have been issued in a certain country, usually the US. When they also support PayPal, I can usually bypass this restriction.
A LOT of bizdev and treasury work, a.k.a. doing things that's hard to scale. Let's take for example: paying out USD to NGN or IDR.
To be able to pay out in Nigeria/Indonesia in a reasonable time, you'd have to buy a lot NGN/IDR and keep that money in a bank account somewhere. You can't expect to keep wiring out USD to Nigeria because if you do, you're at the mercy of Wire Transfers and fees, it wouldn't be sustainable.
Now depending on the payout, what if they wanted to pay out on a different bank? You have to maintain balance on that different bank too. The money stuck in a country is called "float". If you're lucky, their banks are interconnected and you transfer easily, but if not, you're going to have a harder time.
That's why there's always a "3-5 banking days on withdrawal", it's not because of wiring out your actual cash, companies like Paypal are trying to manage their "float".
Here's what actually happens when someone issues a NGN Withdrawal on your app: depending on the bank on the said country, if they have online banking, you'll have to actually login on your bank account and transfer manually. Believe me, there are only a handful of banks that has Transfer APIs. For some, to even access them, you'd have to be licensed, regulated and have a good relationship.
What if the NGN withdrawal on your app was a cash pickup location? You'd be pressed to also maintain a relationship or talk with local payout providers. Not every popular bank or cash pickup company has an API. Sometimes you'll have to email them a spreadsheet of the "Withdrawals". They'll reply back and you'd have to update the "Withdrawal" status manually or build something that parses emails/CSV to update them.
Now you might be wondering 'I want to lessen stuck capital so that I can offer lower fees'. Depending on the country; you'd have to look for local providers called "Aggregators". These guys can be remittance, money transfer companies that handle local payouts for you. Bonus points: they're usually tech savvy and might provide an API. You maintain balance with them and they take care of the 'Last Mile' of paying out and are fully licensed (hopefully). They charge a fee, and depending on Paypal, they pass it unto you or bake it in with their margins. A side note USDNGN has a black market rate that's way better than the banks, maintaining balance with a bank might be less competitive vs finding an aggregator that can offer you USDNGN black market rates.
That's the basic gist for the treasury work. Legal work mainly is to actually open a bank account and keeping in line with a country's AMLA and KYC regulations are another cost. Otherwise they'll shutdown your bank accounts. Depending on the speed/red-tape of the government processes, you'd have to bake in legal fees and months of back and forth with government agencies.
I have just described Withdrawals. I haven't even begun to describe the hardship of "Deposits", because you're actually in-line with being a quasi-bank, which has another set of licenses, permits and fees.
This is just for 1 country. Every country has it's own quirks, what you did for Nigeria cannot be replicated to say, paying out in KRW or IDR. They will have different licenses, legal fees, aggregators and banks, cash pickups, bank account limits/thresholds, that you'll have to sort and scope out. Not to mention the amount of local competition. You'll also have to keep tabs of changes in regulation, national holidays or changes in a bank/aggregator's policies.
Hopefully this outlines why Paypal cannot be dethroned easily. Stripe is getting there, but otherwise you'd have to embed yourself and have enough float in 100+ countries to even match them or Western Union.
Source: I work as a senior engineer at a remittance startup.
Paypal the company (PayPal Holdings, Inc., NYSE: PYPL) has done well in recent years, where I think they've executed well on their inorganic growth strategy, where they've acquired 19 companies in the last 10 years, probably valued north of $10B. Venmo, Xoom, iZettle, and others are strong businesses in their own right, and Paypal hasn't done much to mess with them.
It would be interesting to see the growth of their primary "Paypal" product. From their 2017 Annual Report[1]:
> PayPal continues to drive the majority of our total P2P volumes, enabling both domestic and international P2P transfers across our Payments Platform. Our Venmo app in the U.S. is a leading mobile application used to move money between friends and family. Xoom is an international money transfer service that enables our customers to send money to, pay bills for and send prepaid mobile phone reloads for family and friends around the world in a secure, fast and cost-effective way, using their mobile device or personal computers.
They don't offer detailed financials, but it may well be that "PayPal continues to drive the majority of our total P2P volumes" because it started out so large. This is the "first-mover advantage" mentioned elsewhere in this comment chain.
I'm surprised as a consumer that Paypal hasn't done more to leverage the strength of their component brands (e.g., Venmo) with the strength of their network.
You need merchants that use the service; you need customers that use the service. Paypal was the first to build those.
