If my Google Voice number is my 2-Factor Auth Number am I Screwed?

I changed my password today on my Google account because I wanted to make it stronger. I have 2-factor auth via my Google Hangouts number. (I realize now that was a mistake, I was going to fix that as well.)

As soon as I changed my password it logged me out of my phone and my other accounts and now I don't have access to Google Voice or Hangouts or anything. So now when I log in with my (changed) password it asks me for a text message that I have no way of getting.

I have access to the backup email on my account and the actual phone number (like for a voice call) but I don't see an option to authenticate via phone call.

This is what I see: http://i.imgur.com/atxQSB9.png

Is there anything I can do? I don't have access to anything. I was just trying to fix all of this and make my account more secure. :(

I filled out the "Account Recovery" form that says it takes 3-5 business days.

I pay for Google Storage (Gmail, Photos, Drive) I pay for Google Voice, I pay for Google Play Music All Access, I've spent hundreds in the Play Store and I'd happily pay for support here, but I'm just stuck.