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You mean like Einstein did with the theory of relativity? Oh. Wait. That was only proven 30+ years later by Ives–Stilwell.
You mean like String Theory is completely proven to the exclusion of alternatives? Oh. Wait. It isn't.
Science observes, formulates hypotheses, and then falsifies or shows them to be true. It is never "to the exclusion of alternatives", or we'd be done with science by now. It is about forming the model that best fits the world, given our current knowledge.
> I've met the same evidence requirement the linked article does, and the latter is being described as science.
The "linked artice" is journalism, not science. Try following up on the links in there, to the actual science.
> one without any effort to explain it or demonstrate a cause-effect relationship.
You didn't read any of the papers, did you?
> After reading the original work, one is left with the same impression the linked article provides
Ah. You digested 35 years of research, and found no evidence? Or you skimmed the overview I provided, and chose to not further investigate?
Yes, there is no clear mechanism, yet. That's because we don't understand psychology well enough to always define clear mechanisms. That's what science is about - furthering our understanding.
The work on establishing actual causal pathways is still going on, and probably will for quite a while. The metastudies indicate that research is doing a decent job to control for other factors, and still reproduces nicely.