The important character here is the '>'. This redirects output to a file and overwrites the file. The lrwxrwxrwx will only print an error, but the redirect to the target executable will erase the target.
For example:
$ echo "asdf" > foo
$ cat foo
asdf
$ lrwxwrwxrwx 1 root root -> foo
lrwxrwxrwx: command not found
$ cat foo
$
So basically, this zero'd out every executable on the system.