That makes it sound like type hints are essentially mandatory for anything where performance matters.
Nice article! It would have been interesting to see how it fares against something like java.util.HashMap.
Additionally, I don't know Closure, but are there any default hash-table implementations? If so, how does this implementation compare against the base one?
Clojure provides Persistent Hash Tries (look them up) as well as several other immutable map implementations. Mutable maps are provided by the Java base class libraries.