Depending on the specifics, that has the potential to be a massive problem. Let's say you mine $1,000,000 in bitcoins but at tax time, the BTC market crashes and they're now worth $100,000. Do your tax bill now exceed your income?
This isn't a hypothetical scenario - During the .com 1.0 boom, some people cashed in their stock options but kept the stock (to get long-term tax rates on stock that could only go up). A year later, they owed income tax (historical market price - strike price) on stock that was now worthless. (capital losses are limited to $3,000/year but carry forward).