First impressions count.
If you want to configure tmux to use just a backtick as the escape, create ~/.tmux.conf
unbind C-b
set -g prefix `
bind-key ` send-prefix
For screen, I used to do this:
escape ``
Query: in screen I can switch between two buffers by doing ctrl+a, ctrl+a. This doesn't work in tmux. How do I configure this to work in tmux?
Shell users who use emacs mode (most ppl) may be annoyed by ctrl+a missing.
# use hjkl for moving
bind h select-pane -L
bind j select-pane -D
bind k select-pane -U
bind l select-pane -R bind-key C-j resize-pane -D 8
bind-key C-k resize-pane -U 8
bind-key C-h resize-pane -L 8
bind-key C-l resize-pane -R 8 bind C-a last-window
a
escape ^@^@
Control-] can also be a good choice (at least for US-style keyboards that don't require shift for the square brackets).
bindkey 'a' last-window
bindkey C-a last-window
"Ctrl-b n" for next-window?
Here's a scenario to show what I mean: you're in buffer 5. You switch to buffer 2. Now if you do ctrl+a, ctrl+a, you leap back to buffer 5. And if you do it again, you go back to buffer 2. This is great when you're editing code in one session and running it in the other.
bind-key C-a last-windowI made it shortly after switching to tmux last year. I hope this kind of functionality will eventually be built-in to tmux.
If you're on a mac and use iTerm2, using tmux is somewhat of a no-brainer, thanks to the integration between tmux and iTerm2[2].
1: http://sourceforge.net/p/tmux/tmux-code/ci/master/tree/FAQ 2: https://code.google.com/p/iterm2/wiki/TmuxIntegration
Definitely recommend the switch. You might be dreading it, but two days into tmux you won't regret it. It took many weeks trying to convince myself screen is better until I actually tried tmux out.
tmux seemed slower while switching windows, plus I like the simplicity of screen.
unbind C-b
set -g prefix C-a pushd /tmp && \
wget 'http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/tmux/tmux/tmux-1.8/tmux-1.8.tar.gz?r=http%3A%2F%2Ftmux.sourceforge.net%2F&ts=1364579710&use_mirror=garr' && \
gunzip < tmux-1.8.tar.gz | tar -vx && \
cd tmux-1.8 && \
./configure --prefix=~/installs/tmux-1.8 && \
mkdir ~/installs && \
make && \
make install && \
popdYou might need: 'apt-get install libevent-dev' as a prerequisite.
I guess I assume that if you want cutting-edge packages you'll use a cutting-edge release/distribution. If you don't, and you want something more recent then it seems to make sense to make your own packages, or install locally via gnu-stow, or similar.
Alternatively, I never figured out how to select / copy text just as fast in tmux / vim / etc as with the mouse.
setw -g mode-mouse on
setw -g mouse-select-window on
setw -g mouse-select-pane on
setw -g mouse-resize-pane on
This appears to be a helpful article: http://tangledhelix.com/blog/2012/07/16/tmux-and-mouse-mode/
> * Control mode, which is a way for a client to send tmux commands. > Currently more useful to users of iterm2.
With this, if you connect to tmux via iTerm2, you can get it to pop up a window with tabs for each shell in the tmux session. History via the mouse wheel is native, changing tabs is native, new tab is native. Essentially you don't need to know any of the tmux commands at all unless you connect from a terminal program that doesn't know the protocol.
But tmux 1.8 mouse wheel scrolling seems much improved over tmux 1.6 - to the point that it looks quite usable.
I attempted to start using it a couple of weekends ago but wasn't able to find any good documentation with my google-fu.
http://pragprog.com/book/bhtmux/tmux
Really good introduction, and the included config file is a good start.
but assuming you mean 'panes', it seems you can:
Ctrl-b o
to move around the current window's panes clockwise. Although I prefer inputing a given direction like the other replier suggested with arrow keys.
For me moving between windows and panes is something that I do a lot. So much so that I removed the need to use the 'tmux prefix' to do so. In my ~/.tmux.conf I have for window and pane switching:
# set pane switching with <alt>{U, E, N, I} for up, down, left, right and respectively without needing prefix
bind -n M-N select-pane -L
bind -n M-I select-pane -R
bind -n M-U select-pane -U
bind -n M-E select-pane -D
# set window switching without needing prefix
bind -n M-a select-window -t :1
bind -n M-r select-window -t :2
bind -n M-s select-window -t :3
bind -n M-t select-window -t :4
bind -n M-d select-window -t :5
bind -n M-h select-window -t :6
You can just replace the keybindings I chose like M-a (alt-a) to something that works for you. If you want to keep using a prefix (incase you are worried the keybindings will clash with other program/system bindings), remove the '-n' flag. Hope that helps.
If it doesn't here is a tutorial I found from a google search: http://blog.hawkhost.com/2010/06/28/tmux-the-terminal-multip...
and IMO a really good book on Tmux if you decide to dive in more: http://www.amazon.com/tmux-Productive-Mouse-Free-Development...
I also did the thing to get rid of the tmux prefix for pane switching. But since I don't use the function keys, I mapped keys F1 through F9 to various tmux functions. F1 = next pane, F2 = prev pane. One less key to press. :)
It binds the function keys which makes life so much easier. F2 starts new window, F3 and F4 rotate back and forwards. It also has a pretty neat status line.
* Resizing panes will now reflow the text inside them.
"tmux is a terminal multiplexer"
"What is a terminal multiplexer? It lets you switch easily between several programs in one terminal, detach them (they keep running in the background) and reattach them to a different terminal. And do a lot more. See the manual."
That's awesome. So many times someone posts on HN "CaffBook.ly.errr 0.98 now released" and I have no idea what it is or why I would want it.
I use vim-slime[1] to send strings to other panes in tmux. I never type anything directly into a REPL. I just send my code from Vim to it. It's amazing with lisp or python. (A little less amazing with php, as the php repl IS AWEFUL)
* layout redo/undo has been removed.
Normal Changes ==============
* Add halfpage up/down bindings to copy mode.
* Session choosing fixed to work with unattached sessions.
* New window options window-status-last-{attr,bg,fg} to denote the last window which was active.
* Scrolling in copy-mode now scrolls the region without moving the mouse cursor.
* run-shell learnt '-t' to specify the pane to use when displaying output.
* Support for middle-click pasting.
* choose-tree learns '-u' to start uncollapsed.
* select-window learnt '-T' to toggle to the last window if it's already current.
* New session option 'assume-paste-time' for pasting text versus key-binding actions.
* choose-* commands now work outside of an attached client.
* Aliases are now shown for list-commands command.
* Status learns about formats.
* Free-form options can be set with set-option if prepended with an '@' sign.
* capture-pane learnt '-p' to send to stdout, and '-e' for capturing escape sequences, and '-a' to capture the alternate screen, and '-P' to dump pending output.
* Many new formats added (client_session, client_last_session, etc.)
* Control mode, which is a way for a client to send tmux commands. Currently more useful to users of iterm2.
* resize-pane learnt '-x' and '-y' for absolute pane sizing.
* Config file loading now reports errors from all files which are loaded via the 'source-file' command.
* 'copy-pipe' mode command to copy selection and pipe the selection to a command.
* Panes can now emit focus notifications for certain applications which use those.
* run-shell and if-shell now accept formats.
* resize-pane learnt '-Z' for zooming a pane temporarily.
* new-session learnt '-A' to make it behave like attach-session.
* set-option learnt '-o' to prevent setting an option which is already set.
* capture-pane and show-options learns '-q' to silence errors.
* New command 'wait-for' which blocks a client until woken up again.
* Resizing panes will now reflow the text inside them.
* Lots and lots of bug fixes, fixing memory-leaks, etc.
* Various manpage improvements.
This is all I needed to know to upgrade.
†) or rather not builtin zmodem-support but generic "run this program with stdin/stdout connected directly to the device" like cu's ~+ escape.
byobu is really recommended because its simple to use yet powerfull.
This is exactly the functionality I was looking for back when it didn't exist. It wasn't immediately obvious how to use this, but here's how:
bind-key -t vi-copy 'y' copy-pipe "redis-cli -x set status"
set-option -g status-right '#(redis-cli --raw get status)'
And now I have a message I just copied to redis in my tmux status bar. I'm planning on doing this with clipboard text next.
with several sessions running on most of my machines, i frequently found myself `detaching` and `reattaching` to a different session... as the `choose-session` command gives you a full list of all the windows, which tends to obfuscate exactly what's going on, particularly if you have a bunch of sessions and windows..
however, the `choose-tree` gives you a session tree, which you can expand and easily identify... meaning that instead of sending `^a d`, followed by tmux attach sessionname you can comfortably do a `^a s` and get where you want to be (presuming you've remapped ^b to ^a)
also, you should be using the tmux buffers, `^a =`!