'userspace filesystem'?
The problem is right there. Always has been. People who think that userspace filesystems are realistic for anything but toys are just misguided."
--LT[1][1] http://www.spinics.net/lists/linux-fsdevel/msg46078.html
The fact is that without being in the I/O path you can't detect and propagate updates as they happen - even with inotify, which doesn't scale well to very large filesystems anyway. There will always be some lag, and some reordering. Whether those matter to you depends a lot on your specific needs, but I for one don't like to rely on storage software that don't even try to guarantee correct behavior and might fail me at the most inopportune moment.
FUSE is the way to get in the I/O path without having to become a kernel developer (which I am BTW, since before Linus, since you happen to like appeals to authority). A FUSE-based result will give better functional guarantees and better performance than a hacked rsync. Whether it might have some disadvantages compared to kernel code isn't even the right question. Compared to what this thread is about, FUSE actually is a better answer.
> fuse works fine if the thing being exported is some random low-use interface to a fundamentally slow device. But for something like your root filesystem? Nope. Not going to happen.
"Random low-use interface to a fundamentally slow device" (like say a remote server in some faraway "cloud") sounds exactly like the situation at hand. Compared to a "real" filesystem (like something you'd mount on /), GDrive is very much a toy, and seems to me like an ideal candidate for a FUSE filesystem.