Yes you can (I've got one), there are various window seals to adapt to that or you can dyi too. The noise etc make it a temporary solution at best but it's possible.
I've also used portable AC inside my home, it was horrible, a lot of heat creeps in due to bad insulation for the heat exhaust pipe, also creates vacuum since it exhaust air, which in turn sucks in more hot air
You'd have to have your windows open at all times with only a thin fabric blocking the opening to do that with most european windows. And then you still have your compressor inside generating heat.
