I think it's both. Last year even the most AI-hungry companies had employees who were primarily using ChatGPT and Claude. It's really hard to burn a noticeable number of tokens with those tools.

The moment you have Claude Code or Codex running in a loop - or in multiple streams (something that people don't really do with chat because it returns fast enough there's no point running them in parallel) your token usage goes through the roof.

And then by May this year both OpenAI and Anthropic had migrated their enterprise pricing to API costs, not fixed subscription per month costs. That wouldn't have made much of a difference in the pre-coding-agent era, but today it means $100s or $1000s per employee per month.