Broad and deep capital markets are a real competitive moat for the USA. No other country or economic bloc can quickly deploy huge amounts of capital to new opportunities nearly as fast. China can work around that to an extent with a command economy that focuses resources on national strategic priorities but it's slower and less effective over the long term.
Nah. If that was an actual disadvantage then the USA wouldn't already be the world leader in most technology sectors. Capital is only one of several constraints.