The reason that these operators pull their weight in C is because iteration over arrays is achieved by manual incrementation (usually via the leading clauses of the for-loop) followed by direct indexing. Languages with a first-class notion of iteration don't directly index in this way, which overwhelmingly eliminates not only the vast majority of array indexing operations in codebases but also the need to manually futz with the inductive loop variable. Case in point, Rust doesn't have `++` in any form, and it doesn't miss it, because Rust has first-class iteration; on the then relatively rare occasion where you want do want to increment, you can do `+=1`, which doesn't have the footguns of `++` due to assignment being a statement rather than expression, while leading to a simpler language due to leveraging the existing `+=` syntax rather than needing a whole new set of operators.
Look at the addressing modes for the PDP-11 in https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PDP-11_architecture and you'll see you can write (R0)+ to read the contents of the location pointed to by R0, and then increment R0 afterwards (so a post increment).
Back in the day, compilers were simple and optimisations weren't that common, so folding two statements into one and working out that there were no dependencies would have been tough with single pass compilers.
You could argue that without such instructions, C wouldn't have been embraced quite so enthusiastically for systems programming, and the world would have looked rather different.
C just wouldn't be C without things like a[i++]
I think if anything people have been leaning more and more into expressions over statements, because when everything is an expression you end up being able to walk the gradient of complexity a bit more nicely than when you end up with a thing that just has to be broken down to a bunch of statements.
Both are favorite idioms of C developers. And they are ok if done correctly, clearer than the alternative. They are also unnecessary in modern languages, so those shouldn't copy it (yeah, Python specifically).