In a properly structured organization, of which there are many and who are required by regulations and/or best practices, senior executives tend to have need/role-based access to information, just like everyone else in the organization. So they may have access to strategic business information, but not patient records or payroll. They may have access to planning data, but not the financial records of individual or clients. Etc. etc.
Smaller or newer orgs may not have this compartmentalization, but in general I think the principle holds true for orgs over a certain number of folks in size.
