(A1) In a POSIX constructor function in liblzma, set an alarm(2) for a few seconds later (once sshd has fully loaded).
(A2) In the alarm callback locate the original function that was patched using dlfcn, and mmap a page of modified code over the top that calls the exploit.
Or:
(B1) POSIX constructor function, call clone(2) to start a background thread.
(B2) In the background thread, sleep for a little, then patch the code as in A2 above.
Or:
(C1) POSIX constructor function that completely replaces the sshd process with a workalike that contains the exploit.
In A & B, for OSes (not Linux) that deny mmap, you'll need to find a struct or stack frame used by the function and work out how to adjust the data it uses or find a function pointer and exploit that.
So it's clever to use ifunc, but not necessary for an attack to work.
Likely the existing toolkit they seem to have been using had primitives for this already, but as I said in the Veritasium video I appreciate that this was a very sophisticated attack executed by a smart team.
Even in your own talk you basically admit this, so what are you doing here? If you think there's something here that everyone is missing but you don't, why not actually explain what it is?