It ran at around 30 fps with a 320x200 screen. That's 64,000 pixels per frame, 1,920,000 pixels per second being rendered.
On a 66 Mhz CPU, that means less than 35 clock cycles per pixel, on a CPU architecture where a multiply or add instruction would take multiple clock cycles to complete.
I know DOOM was not a true 3D engine and it took a lot of shortcuts to look the way it did, but that makes it more amazing, not less. The amount of thought to go into it is just mind-boggling to me.