Indeed, a lot of grammatical “rules” of English were a result of attempting to impose Latin grammatical rules upon English as part of the neoclassical movement of the 18th century. Split infinitives, dangling prepositions (English is somewhat of an outlier among Indo-European languages in that it lacks the practice of prefixing verbs with prepositions to form new verbs—consider e.g., Czech odjit (jit + od), Spanish contener (tener + con), Latin exeo (eo + ex), Greek καταστρέφω (στρέφω + κᾰτᾰ)¹) so arguably, phrase like “go with” fulfill that role and are not prepositions lacking an accompanying noun.

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1. While in most languages, this class of verbs becomes apparent when the base noun is irregular or has special conjugation rules, in Greek,² it’s especially noticeable thanks to the fact that the aorist causes a morphological change to the beginning of the verb as well as the end. Except for these verbs, the morphological change ends up happening in the middle of the verb.

2. I don’t know modern Greek beyond what I can discern from my classical Greek knowledge, so I don’t know if modern Greek has retained this feature.