Rust does not stop you from writing code that accesses out of bounds, at all. It just makes sure that there's an if that checks.
By the same logic one could also claim that tail recursion optimisation, or loop unrolling are also dangerous because they change the way code works, and your tests don't cover the final output.
I don’t think anyone would find the idea compelling that “you are only responsible for the code you write, not the code that actually runs” if the code that actually runs causes unexpected invalid behavior on millions of mobile devices.
Google already ships binaries compiled with Rust in Android. They are actually system services which are more critical than SQLite storage of apps.
Moreover Rust version of SQLite can ship binaries compiled with a qualified compiler like Ferrocene: https://ferrocene.dev/en/ (which is the downstream, qualified version of standard Rust compiler rustc). In qualification process the compiler is actually checked whether it generates reasonable machine code against a strict set of functional requirements.
Most people don't compile SQLite with qualified versions of GCC either. So this exact argument actually can be turned against them.
Hipp worked as a military contractor for battleships, furthermore years later SQLite was under contract under every proto-smartphone company in the USA. Under these constraints you maybe are not responsible to test what the compiler spits out across platforms and different compilers, but doing that makes the project a lot more reliable, makes it sexier for embedded and weapons.
Some languages I was aware of are defined so that if what you wrote could be a tail call it is. However you might write code you thought was a tail call and you were wrong - in such languages it only blows up when it recurses too deep and runs out of stack. AIUI the Rust feature would reject this code.
That's a bizarre claim. The source code isn't the product, and the product is what has to work. If a compiler or OS bug causes your product to function incorrectly, it's still your problem. The solution is to either work around the bug or get the bug fixed, not just say "I didn't write the bug, so deal with it."
There is a difference between "gcc 4.8 is buggy, let's not use it" and "let's write unit tests for gcc". If you are suspicious about gcc, you should submit your patches to gcc, not vendor them in your own repo.
If sqlite were to read one byte over the end of an array, it's unlikely to lose your data. Rust would guarantee that to lose data.
This is not correct for every industry.