TLS handshakes (outside of embedded hardware) should be measured in milliseconds, not seconds
Edit: you can kind of tell this from the connect timings listed above. TLS is faster the second time around, but not enough to make much difference to the overall speedup
I think you're right that TLS doesn't explain the difference shown above, but for completeness: TLS 1.3 can reduce the round trips from 3 to 2 on session resumption. [1] Depending on your Internet connection, that could be a lot more than milliseconds. I don't think `curl` uses it by default though.