> The power vulnerability for airports was never made more obvious and painful than in Atlanta seven years ago. An underground electrical system fire in late 2017 damaged two substations and caused a complete outage lasting nearly 12 hours at Hartsfield-Jackson International Airport
https://www.microgridknowledge.com/microgrids/article/551275...
1. UK’s has one major airport to get out of the country—Heathrow. Gatwick and that lot don’t carry the same weight. When Heathrow goes down, you’re proper stuck. Atlanta has DC, Miami right there.
2. UK allows transit visas, so half the people transiting can’t even step out the terminal, what do they do when the airport is closed?
The US doesn’t allow that, everyone clears customs/passport control, so no ‘no man’s land’ limbo for stranded passengers.
3. Heathrow's outage is going to take 24 hours as of right now. That's twice Atlanta
Both Gatwick [0] and Stansted are busier than either Washington airport [1], and if you're considering Miami as an alternative to Atlanta then why not similarly ridiculous options like Paris, Amsterdam, Dublin for passengers stuck in Heathrow?
Miami and DC aren't even close to the nearest major airport cities to Atlanta. Charlotte and Orlando are many hours closer and busier [1] in terms of commercial passengers (though still not as convenient as the UK's comparable airports).
Only about a quarter of Heathrow passengers are transiting [2] and a significant portion of those are citizens of the US, EU, UK and other countries who don't need a visa. Maybe 10% of passengers are stuck in limbo, not half of them.
[0] https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_busiest_airports_in_...
[1] https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_the_busiest_airports...
[2] https://www.statista.com/statistics/303939/flight-transfers-...
"right there"
It is a ten hour drive from Atlanta to DC. It is a nine hour drive from Atlanta to Miami.
It is a six hour drive from Heathrow to Paris.
2: I don't know if they've done it, but the UK can grant entry for a few days to affected passengers. This will be part of a contingency plan.
3: The airport reopened for some flights already.
I’ve been using Edinburgh airport and Glasgow airport for 40 years to “get out of the country”.
Airside to airside bus shuttle?
> The US doesn’t allow that, everyone clears customs/passport control, so no ‘no man’s land’ limbo for stranded passengers.
Anchorage International Airport, amongst few (less than a handful really) other US airports, have separate international section with sterilised transit.
To be fair, I'd probably be more interested to hear what major airports are doing to avoid a reoccurance of CrowdStrike-type scenarios. Which is perhaps a more likely re-occurence than loss of substation feeds.
Military airports are working fine. National security doesn't rely on civilian airports. And communications networks aren't disrupted or anything. This isn't enabling terrorism.
It's absolutely a huge economic issue. Economic-political. But I'm not seeing a national security angle here.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_security
Large-scale issues that impact the economy are typically under the "national security" umbrella. It's a term that uses the broad definition of "security".
Whether this incident qualifies, I don't know, but "national security" is definitely not just about military stuff. Just like how "food security" isn't about physically protecting food from damage.
The Russian war of aggression on Ukraine is a prime example: power infrastructure, transportation, communications, commercial hubs, healthcare, and general civilian targets of opportunity are all targeted with high frequency by Russian forces.
UK national security interests are spelled out in summary beginning on page 5 of this PDF, "Government Functional Standard: GovS 007: Security", notably
Each organisation’s governance and management framework shall cover physical, personnel, cyber, incident management, technical and industry security
<https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/613a195bd3bf7...> (PDF)
The US electric grid has also been of significant concern. Ted Koppel's book Lights Out (2015) addressed this specificly:
<https://news.wttw.com/2015/11/09/ted-koppel-americas-vulnera...>
As an example of non-military focus, the present US national security policy leads with ... tourist visas:
To protect Americans, the United States must be vigilant during the visa-issuance process to ensure that those aliens approved for admission into the United States do not intend to harm Americans or our national interests.
<https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2025/01/prot...> (20 Jan 2025)
An earlier document from the Bush II White House leads with:
People everywhere want to be able to speak freely; choose who will govern them; worship as they please; educate their children—male and female; own property; and enjoy the benefits of their labor.
<https://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/nsc/nssall.html> (2002)
Wikipedia's National Security article notes:
Originally conceived as protection against military attack, national security is widely understood to include also non-military dimensions, such as the security from terrorism, minimization of crime, economic security, energy security, environmental security, food security, and cyber-security.
Economic and infrastructural sabotage isn't an unprecedented act in the last few years anyhow.
And no, it is not a national security issue. There are three other airports in the London region, plus RAF Norholt and RAF Kenly inside the M25 ring.
I don't imagine an american being so dismissive about JFK being taken offline.
So basically this is what Putin is trying to do - find vulnerable points and attack them. For now, creating disruption without human casualties.
No. Its not.
Its the fact that the decades of under-investment in power distribution infrastructure is coming home to roost.
Its no secret there's little to no "fat" in the UK grid system. Hence it has difficulty coping with black-swan events such as this.
Anyone who buys datacentre space in London knows the reason prices have gone through the roof in recent years. Its becasue the grid simply cannot get the extra capacity to where it is needed. And this is before energy prices started rising due to the UK's electricity being mostly dependent on gas (previous governments having sold off gas-storage facilities to build houses on the land instead).
That's why its also a pain in the backside to build new banks of EV fast chargers anywhere in the UK. Getting the power there involves long, protracted, discussions with the grid followed by payments of large amounts of money and a written promise to the grid that you agree to load-shedding at any time if necessary.
I suspect you will find its not a single point of failure either. Its just that Hayes is a high-demand area, so see above for lack of excess capacity .... if one site goes boom, the other will struggle to take on 100% load.
Hayes (North Hyde) is a few miles NE of Heathrow, but Laleham (similar sized) is only a few miles South - I’d would have assumed both served as fully redundant supplies for the airport, given it’s critical national infrastructure.
(The old BBC Television Centre in London had three independent supplies, I believe)
Wind was the dominant source of energy in the UK last year:
https://reports.electricinsights.co.uk/q4-2024/wind-becomes-...
The expense is unpleasant, but the money has to come from somewhere, and the user paying is easier to justify than all the other bill-payers collectively or the taxpayer.
My second thought is, UK infra is crumbling so bad, this is really most likely just business as usual...
"Heathrow Doesn't Know When Power Will Be Back, Days of Disruption Expected" - https://www.newsweek.com/heathrow-airport-fire-counterterror...
If the entire transformer is lost, procuring replacement transformers for substations can take from several months to years. Insulation failures are relatively common in older power substations. It seems someone should have done a better job preparing disaster recovery scenarios for Heathrow.
Edit:
BBC reporting "some power" restored on a "interim basis" as the power company is now using a different substation. It would be curious if the increased effort on other substations would then cause further power failures...A bit like the postmortems of global cloud providers, where taking a node out, causes increased stress on other nodes...
https://www.thelocal.dk/20250321/sas-cancels-flights-from-no...
"Power outage cancels, diverts flights at Kennedy Airport" - https://apnews.com/article/new-york-city-power-outages-eb883...
I doubt it's worth the additional expenses, though. Transformers exploding like this is extremely rare, and the main reason this one has such an impact is because the firefighting effort required the other two transformers to be shut down. Investing in better physical separation between the individual transformers is probably a way more effective investment.
Grid power is hard. Even with local generation failovers for air and ground safety systems, Heathrow is massive and uses a lot of power (1-2MWh/day). It's hard to route around that sort of demand.
I don't disagree that this is something that shouldn't happen, but that's what we say for almost every preventable grid failure. I think this is a national inconvenience rather than a security issue though. There are short-term alternatives which will be used.
It's 3 orders of magnitude more: 1-2GWh/day.
https://www.heathrow.com/content/dam/heathrow/web/common/doc...
That number doesn't seem that high, compared to a single high-speed train running at about 300kph or above. Or lets say all of the London Tube/DLR.
Seems like nothing, actually.
> https://thewest.com.au/travel/perth-to-london-flight-diverte...
> Perth Qantas customers who had their flights diverted from London to Paris after a massive power outage at Heathrow Airport will be put on buses to take them to take them to their final destination.
Sounds weird that one substation going down would close everything.
The substation on fire (North Hyde) is a 275kV major distribution substation.
That's a fairly significant distribution loss in itself (not just Heathrow but also 16,000 homes), and rebalancing the distribution will need careful coordination – flipping the switch on a load the size of Heathrow would then imbalance the network for the new distribution supply site.
You are off by a large number. More like 62,000 customers affected (although "only" 4,800 are actually without power right now)[1].
Also that area is more than just "homes". There is a lot of heavy elecrical load commercial stuff going on in that area too.
So perhaps the core issue isn't inability of the airport to operate, but of people to get in and out.
[0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berlin_Brandenburg_Airport
But what can the UK do about the likelihood of Floods?
The bird migration that constantly fly where the Estuary would be
Or an accident happening at the Grain LNG Natural Gas Storage plant, one of the largest in the world that’s right next to where the airport would be?
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SS_Richard_Montgomery#/media/F...
"How to Prevent Substation Fires": https://www.oilbarriers.com/blog/suppress-substation-fires/
What happened with Heathrows generators? Did they kick in? Do they have any?
Edits: yes they did kick in as normal https://www.standard.co.uk/news/uk/heathrow-ed-miliband-nati...
Note that usually backup generators are only for essentials like air traffic control, landing lights, and operating emergency stuff.
You are entitled to be re-booked on the next available flight or get a refund. If you take a refund the airline has no obligation to you anymore. You might find after taking a refund, the price of an equivalent flight is now much more.
https://electranet.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/15449-P...
This and quitting meat consumption (or significantly reducing either or both luxuries- I quit flying years ago, and I eat meat once a month or so as a delicous luxury) seem to be the two main ways we can reduce our individual carbon footprint, focus on which is a bit scammy by the industry heads who want to keep converting resources into money to swim in, so please also consider lobbying for stronger regulation of our collective carbon footprint.
Public luxury (libraries, health care, bike lanes, public transportation, education from birth onward that isn't about preparing obedient workers for the mill but reinforcing the benefits of mutual aid and participatory democracy), private sufficiency (I have enough. I actually have more than enough, and have spent about fifteen years getting rid of physical and digital baggage that gets in the way of good relationships, with an exponential increase in recent years, leveling out again as I scrape the barrel for more to let go of). There are so many of us on this planet- believing the lie that we can all be wealthy (in capitalist terms) will accelerate boom-bust-quit, and I don't see the Moon or Mars working out very well. We can be wealthy in social-animal terms, though, by being kind and loving and reciprocal. It's not that simple, nor will it ever not be a messy, dynamic situation, but there's a beauty to that.
Most people travel by plane because it's the only way to reach their destination in a reasonable amount of time.
Yesterday, if you'd have publicly shared this one substation is enough to take down Heathrow for an entire day, you'd have been disappeared by the British spooks for sharing extremely sensitive information threatening national security and you'd probably end up behind bars for over a decade.
Today, we all just know because it happened to catch fire, exposing the flaw.
With this kind of large-scale infrastructure it just isn't viable to rely on security through obscurity. If you want to protect against failure, invest in redundancy.
Don’t forget the BT Tower existing was technically classified under the official secrets act, even though it was extremely obviously there for everyone to see including on maps.
I get it, all modern intelligence apparatus is draconian but this take doesn't really make sense IMO.
From an US perspective it'd be like taking out JFK, LAX and ATL at the same time. But even then, it doesn't really compare.
Same sort of logic that leads to people getting arrested for looking at HTML and reporting that it includes passwords.
Its not highly classified. Its not even plain classified.
Its available on streetmap. The substation (like most are) is located on the edge of a residential area / industrial estate. People walk and drive past it every day.
Looking at streetmap, there's even a multiple big signs outside that says "North Hyde Substation". They don't even make any effort to hide it with obscured fencing, its all out in the open.
As others have also pointed out, its in open data downloads for ages.
Not a conspiracy theorist here, but... there's been quite a few expensive things which caught fire in Europe in the past year and change and it turned out those things didn't catch it by accident.
There's also the "accident" that just happened to destroy a US military oil tanker. Sure enough, the captain of the ship was Russian: https://www.theguardian.com/business/2025/mar/12/captain-arr...
And it's very clear that multiple undersea cables have been intentionally cut by Russia-linked entities. You just don't drag anchors for hours over known cables by accident (the cables are on charts precisely to help captains avoid damaging them).
We're at war with Russia, and these kinds of attacks have both economic and psychological harms. They also allow Russia to practice techniques in case they need to ramp things up for a hotter conflict.
I wonder if they are looking for something or somebody and there is more to this story. (click on the helicopter icon to see previous runs): https://www.flightradar24.com/GINTV/3990e5fc
