In the US, sometimes the court may “pierce the corporate veil” when actions are particularly egregious or unlawful and hold the shareholders or directors personally liable.

Rather than go into all the specifics of law (since I'm not a lawyer), I'll cite some examples where corporate executives were charged personally:

(Tax evasion):

-https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/ceo-multibillion-dollar-softw...

(Securities fraud):

- https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/ceo-medical-device-company-ch...

(Identity theft and fraud):

- https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/ceo-medical-device-company-ch...

(RICO - Providing encryption to avoid law enforcement):

- https://www.justice.gov/usao-sdca/pr/sky-global-executive-an...