>Fascinating, for whatever reasons, I thought they were years ahead, and Nvidia’s (and apple) only option.
It's easy to get that impression based on all the recent talk about TSMC and Taiwan's importance to the global economy. My understanding is that while TSMC is currently ahead, the lead over Intel and Samsung is very slight. Intel was historically the global leading-edge producer until relatively recently, and there is no reason to think that it (or Samsung, or even someone else) cannot regain the lead. Intel is, as I understand it, the first purchaser of ASML's newest lithographic machines, in hopes of leapfrogging TSMC.