We had a “long lost aunt” come out of nowhere that got my phone number from a relative who got my number from another relative.
At that point, how can you validate it, as there’s no shared secret? The only thing we had was validating childhood stories. After a preponderance of them, we accepted she was real (she refused to talk on the phone — apparently her voice was damaged).
We eventually met her in real life.
The point is, you can always use these three principles: asking relatives to validate the phone number — something you have — and then the stories — something shared — and finally meeting in real life — something you are.