and from the experiences I had, the people that ran them, and their sheer abundance, this number is probably a very conservative number, and it doesn't include yet all the ones that operated on the brink of scamminess. There wasn't a need to completely and obviously fake the numbers to funnel a lot of public money into your pockets, often without providing any tangible benefit (no qualified personnel, unreliable tests, inadequate execution).
Way into 2021 many streets in the city I live in had one improvised testing center next to the other, mostly ran by people without any medical qualification, using tutorials from the internet and a process almost designed for corruption, where setting up a test center was a state-funded get-rich-quick scheme for quite a while.
[1] https://www1.wdr.de/nachrichten/landespolitik/betrug-corona-...