Osteoporosis can make it so that a fall can lead to major fractures, which leads to a severe reduction in a person's independence. Macular degeneration can make an elderly person blind.
Neurological deterioration can take the form of conditions like Alzheimer's, where a person loses their memory of everyone they love.
The body, as it ages, becomes much more susceptible to other, terrible, diseases as well, like cancer, heart disease, and diabetes, each carrying its own set of debilitating effects that degrade quality of life.