If verifying these digits make any sense, that means you already have a trusted channel you rely on to communicate these digits. You would use that trusted channel to transfer these digits. How do you want to communicate them?
> A 4 digit code is objectively more usable than a 60 digit code.
It's more usable, but that would assume synchronicity (like a TOTP) or something else to be secure, while the 60 digits do not AFAICT. So there's a usability tradeoff. You can't truncate a hash function and assume it's just as safe. They could add more options on top of the current one though.
Overall I think the intersection of pairs of users who:
* want to verify their safety numbers
* have very infrequent physical contacts
* would struggle to use another trusted channel to communicate their safety numbers
is small enough for this not to be a priority for Signal.