As far as I can tell, Adafruit doesn't price gouge. More expensive than some other US places, sometimes, but usually not by much. Sometimes they're cheaper than similar US places.

The only places that sell same or similar items for drastically less than Adafruit are places like Aliexpress (or the same foreign sellers selling on Ebay), and there are many reasons why Adafruit is more expensive than those places...

Some of the stuff Adafruit sell is likely sourced from Aliexpress (or perhaps from Alibaba if they're buying in large enough quantity) and is indeed priced higher at Adafruit, but that's because if they price it the same or lower they make no money. So we know for those items, they must mark them up. But how much they need to be marked up is kind of complicated. Buying lots of things in order to resell them is more complicated than buying just one or two things for yourself, especially when the seller is on the other side of the world. Simply put: there's a lot more overhead when buying for resale that you don't have to worry about when buying low quantities for yourself. One big difference is that they need _reliable_ suppliers with large quantities consistently available, and those are rarely the same sellers selling things for pennies. (I could go into more differences, because there are many, but this reply is already getting pretty long. Ask me if you want to know more, or google for info about how to open and run a retail business.)

Also, bear in mind that some of that stuff that you can get elsewhere at a fraction of the cost than Adafruit are actually Adafruit's own designs being directly cloned, like a lot of their breakout boards. In those cases, you really can't blame Adafruit, since the reason those items are cheaper elsewhere is because someone's specifically trying to undercut them (often at the expense of overall quality and sometimes even at the expensive of authentic correctly-working parts).

I agree. She's really great for hobbyists and for prototyping. She's done a ton to help beginners. And Adafruit is a very interesting company. I seriously admire her. But as to the original claim that she's "one of the industries greatest hardware designers", when you look at the electronics industry on a whole (an industry where people design incredibly complex things that are used by millions/billions of people), her _designs_ are nothing special.