Except, if you are asking how to learn algebra or statistics to a certain level, I could give you a list of certain theory books and exercise books in a certain order (some of them, admittedly, written in an unnecessarily complicated way in my opinion and you would be better off with some youtube videos, and for some of them I really don't know a more approachable ­(= better) alternative, but I think there could be), and be fairly confident that you at least could follow them and actually achieve what you were asking for.

And there's no single actual music theory book recommendation in this thread.

(And I don't think it's a lack of patience to learn terms that's the problem here, definitely not in my case. I know names for all intervals literally for a longest part of my life. I kinda know how each of them "feels". But it's still too far from being able to write music "algorithmically", and I don't know what would be the next step. Most books I come across just try to teach me interval names once again, and I'm pretty sure there must be more theory in music than that.)