> They found that a solid sphere, weighing 20kg [...] at about four times the speed of sound [...] 25 megajoules.
For comparison, the projectile from a US M829 tank round [0] involves a spike with a mass of 4.6kg traveling at an (initial) speed of mach 4.59, or around 5.70 megajoules. The propellant and all the other stuff which stays behind brings that up to 18.6kg.
I assume this cannonball's dramatically higher projectile-mass is needed in order to make up for accuracy, so that a glancing hit still rattles everything enough to make a difference.
[0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M829