58% were funded in some fraction. I wonder what percent of approved drug cost is publically funded, and what percent is fulfilling regulatory requirements. The high cost is in large part government induced, so it's kind of hilarious to regulate this massive cost and then brag about helping to fund some fractional number.

All clinical studies are not equal so some nuance on the objective of the studies is probably important. My impression is that grant funded clinical studies tend to be earlier in development and more exploratory if interventional, or observational if larger (eg framingham study). This isn’t absolute, but the funding required to cover large definitive pivotal studies, and all pharm/tox and manufacturing needed for a drug approval is large and I believe is very unlikely to be covered by grants. I agree NIH is essential and Pharma has some large issues, but I don’t believe NIH is teeing up loads of approvable drugs for industry to exploit.

Fair point, especially in that 58% figure.

Even though this is only funding for trials and not research, I have to admit that I didn’t expect that and I will concede that it would be on me now to prove that research funding is differently distributed.