Not sure what you're saying here but most likely you're referring to some obscure pedantic difference. Effectively speaking docker and nix shell achieve similar objectives.

>2) not if you need GPU acceleration which is a headache in docker, but not Nix shells

This is true. But this is the only clear benefit I see.

>- devenv.sh - arion - https://flakular.in/intro

right. So? I said nowhere near as straightforward. This isn't straightforward. It's an obscure solution.

>The same was once true for Dockerfile

False. DockerFiles are much more intuitive because it's just a declarative config. With Nix shell it's mostly people who like haskell or OCaml who are into that style of syntax. I like it but clearly that syntax has not caught on for years and years and years. Quite likely Nix will never catch on to that level too.

Additionally nix uses shell hacks to get everything working. Docker uses an os primitive DESIGNED for this very use case.

And additionally, because docker uses os primitives you can use docker-compose to manage multiple processes on multiple different environments simultaneously. Something that's much harder to do with nix shell.