You can listen at a reasonable level (70dB) indefinitely, and up to about 80 for an 8-hour period, without any kind of hearing loss.
So the good news is unless you're absolutely blasting it with open buds to help block out background noise, the tinnitus was caused by something else, and there are many causes.
I actually had tinnitus for nearly a decade in my late 20s - mid 30s... thought is was noise induced from multiple concerts without earplugs, but eventually decided to make all sorts of lifestyle changes to reduce stress and improve sleep and it magically went away.