Something relevant to the error condition, probably?
There may be some cases where the total set of possible errors is too large to meaningfully handle every one of them specifically (for instance if you call a high level GPU initialization routine that can fail in a myriad of ways) but that's not true in all cases. Maybe the new error was in fact recoverable, or maybe it calls for some more specific diagnostics.
At any rate I completely agree with the parent that changing the set throwable exceptions should be considered a breaking API change and should be enforced by the compiler. If an API method wants to future-proof and be able to throw anything, it can declare just that and everybody will know to expect the unexpected.
That's why I vastly prefer Rust's Result<> system which does most of what exceptions do and with fairly similar ergonomics but with normal return values and all the type checking that it involves.