Then you've got a different definition of "manual" than mine. Manual means that developer has to insert calls to allocate / deallocate memory and that the developer is responsible for proving the correctness of those calls. Automated means those calls are done by the runtime or by the compiler automatically, and the compiler makes sure they are correct. In case of Rust, those calls are inserted automatically by the compiler.
> memory/ownership details leak into public APIs
The fact that ownership is a part of public API is a good thing, similarly how it is a good thing to specify an argument is an integer and not a string.
> There are plenty of managed languages with these, ML, OCaml, Haskell, Scala.
I referred to the ones mentioned in the above comment, which mentuoned Java/Go/Python. Haskell/Scala/Ocaml/ML are quite niche even compared to Rust these days.
But even though Haskell / Scala might get close on some type-system features, they don't offer similar experience as Rust in other areas. Haskell is more restrictive in terms of managing state than borrow-checker, and Scala tooling / compile times has been always horrible.
> Rust only addresses problems related to data races, not as an example. All the other race conditions are still on the table.
This is like saying a statically typed language doesn't stop you from putting a string telephone number into a string surname field. Sure it doesn't. But despite that, the value of static types is hard to overestimate.
In practice, the borrow checking + RAII + Send/Sync rules can be used to make the other types of concurrency problems very unlikely by properly modeling the APIs. Sure, no language can protect from all concurrency problems in general, but at least Rust gives you some good tools. For instance it is trivial to forbid concurrent access to something that shouldn't be accessed concurrently and let the compiler enforce that. Now try enforcing that in your "business oriented language of choice". In my experience the majority of concurrency related problems in real large-scale software development happen when some code not designed to handle concurrency accidentally becomes executed concurrently because developers don't realize something is shared and mutated at the same time. Another type of common issue is with communicating concurrent threads of execution, when one sends a message but the receiver is not there on the other end because of premature exit e.g. due to error, leading to a deadlock. Rust protects from those really well.
