Convention in no way prevents anything. Convention is simply that. People are free to not follow convention when nothing is enforcing it. You frequently see juniors, who may be brand new to the language, making mistakes with conventions. If I'm supposed to depend on the vagaries of some accepted standard that is only documented in text then it is less than useless in the real world
if we say a language "addresses" a given concern, is it necessary that this is accomplished in the compiler, and that the rules for that concern, whatever they are, are enforced at compile-time?