Having worked in a machine shop, here are some common engineering materials you might be familiar with:
Stainless steel https://www.makeitfrom.com/material-properties/Cold-Finished...
Aerospace-grade aluminum https://www.makeitfrom.com/material-properties/7075-T6-Alumi...
Tool steel (this is what most cutters, drills, punches, blades etc for cutting and milling other metals are made of) https://www.makeitfrom.com/material-properties/Hardened-M2-T...
Tungsten carbide (what high-quality cutting tools are made of - usually you have a small bit with three or four cutting edges, mounted in some fashion on tool steel holders) https://www.makeitfrom.com/material-properties/Tungsten-Carb...
i think the materials you listed are pretty exotic. almost nothing but cutting tools is made from wc. 7075 aluminum does get some non-airplane use but not much. even 316 stainless is less common than 304, and stainless and tool steels are a lot less common than mild steel
maybe worth mentioning:
- metals -
a36 mild steel (railroad tracks, bridge girders, junk) https://www.makeitfrom.com/material-properties/ASTM-A36-SS40...
304 stainless (silverware, sinks, stainless bolts, cookware, exhaust pipes) https://www.makeitfrom.com/material-properties/AISI-304-S304...
free-cutting brass (house keys, anything else that needs to be metal but easy to cut and can't just be cast from zamak) https://www.makeitfrom.com/material-properties/Half-Hard-H02...
lead-tin solder (old or high-reliability circuits) https://www.makeitfrom.com/material-properties/ISO-Solder-Al...
lead-free solder (low-reliability new circuits) https://www.makeitfrom.com/material-properties/ISO-Solder-Al...
tough pitch copper (electrical wires) https://www.makeitfrom.com/material-properties/UNS-C11000-CW...
zamak (toy cars, some gears, most die-castings; easily castable) https://www.makeitfrom.com/material-properties/Zamak-3-ASTM-...
- plastics -
hdpe (shopping bags, milk jugs) https://www.makeitfrom.com/material-properties/High-Density-...
polylactide (pla, 3-d prints) https://www.makeitfrom.com/material-properties/Polylactic-Ac...
pet (coke bottles, clothing) https://www.makeitfrom.com/material-properties/Unfilled-PET
6,6 nylon (clothing, seatbelts, oven bags) https://www.makeitfrom.com/material-properties/Polyamide-PA-...
unfilled epoxy (glue; they don't list fr4, other glass fiber composites, or jb weld) https://www.makeitfrom.com/material-properties/Epoxy
silicone (oven mitts, caulk, gaskets) https://www.makeitfrom.com/material-properties/Silicone-Plas...
natural latex rubber (condoms, gloves, tires, gaskets) https://www.makeitfrom.com/material-properties/Isoprene-Natu...
buna-n nitrile rubber (gloves, handgrips, gaskets) https://www.makeitfrom.com/material-properties/Acrylonitrile...
- wood -
mdf (lasercut signage, shitty furniture) https://www.makeitfrom.com/material-properties/Medium-Densit...
pine (buildings, bad furniture) https://www.makeitfrom.com/material-properties/Spruce-Pine-F...
- ceramics -
granite (surface plates, buildings) https://www.makeitfrom.com/material-properties/Granite
sandstone (buildings) https://www.makeitfrom.com/material-properties/Sandstone
soda-lime glass (windows, bottles) https://www.makeitfrom.com/material-properties/Annealed-Alka...
mycalex (a hard, machinable insulator that handles higher temperatures than organics) https://www.makeitfrom.com/material-properties/Glass-Bonded-...
porcelain (they don't have a wide selection of fired-clay materials, but dishes, flowerpots, and bricks are broadly similar, if shittier) https://www.makeitfrom.com/material-properties/Pressed-Silic...
cubic zirconia (chinese knives, refractories, nernst lamps) https://www.makeitfrom.com/material-properties/MgO-Partially...
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btw generally i'd rather use matweb
As a top level category may want to add composites - I note wood was under Polymers but could not find CFRP, Fibreglass (GRP) etc. Also Graphene (I did my thesis on synthesizing this material so particular interest to me...)
If you could generate charts like these: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Material_selection#Ashby_plots for a selected list of materials that would be a useful feature.
At the time I was studying nanotechnology was the projected next big thing in materials science but that industry never really took off like people were expecting it to (there was certainly no nanotech jobs boom like people were projecting). I was personally interested in electrochemistry, battery technology etc but I was about 10 years too early for the Renewables/EV boom, so timing wasn't really right.
I think nowadays Hydrogen energy sector and Renewables more broadly are the big growth areas.
