I had that issue with German companies before, especially those who rarely deal with international customers. For example in Austria only a few people own an ID card (most people have a passport, but not everyone). So the german companies were very surprised when I gave them a copy of the Austrian ID card, that also doesn’t have an address on it.
Is it? From a quick search it looks like a very large number of countries have compulsory ID cards:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_national_identity_card...
In the USA the driver's licenses are ID cards and have addresses. Or if you don't have a license you can get a regular ID card, which has an address. The laws vary from state to state about how long you can go after you move before it gets updated. I'm not aware of a legal requirement to have one though, unless you're driving.
This is not true. You must have an Identitätsnachweis, but if you have a valid passport you do not need a Personalausweis.
Side note: It seems like many African ID cards list the profession and I've had to explain to several suspicious border guards why my passport doesn't.
EDIT: I've always wondered about this and apparently the body that sets passport specifications is ICAO, the International Civil Aviation Organization, as mandated by the UN. Specifically through ICAO document 9303.[1]
[1]https://www.icao.int/publications/documents/9303_p4_cons_en....
You can see the field in this official example passport (field 11): https://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/normengrafiken/bgbl1_2017...
