In what sense?
Maybe I'm thinking too much about the implementation, rather than the use cases, but to me, WebAssembly is a VM/execution environment (in the sense of the JVM, not VirtualBox), whereas Docker is a containerization solution (i.e. a way to isolate userspace environments, for both security and dependency management), and decidedly also not a VM at all.
I can see how they can be used for similar goals, in any case: "Run my binary efficiently on your generic computer without having to trust it".