It's not specific to chrome, it's just worse in chrome. Iterm doesn't have this problem, but pretty much everything else I use does: intellij, slack, chrome, Firefox.
We use crowdstrike, but even before that I had this problem.
My mac is just painfully slow, if I start docker it becomes almost unusable. This is a 2019 Intel one, btw, it might not be so bad on m1s, but when I got the job (and the mac) , only the original one external monitor m1s were available.
Interesting, there's definitely something abnormal about that system — the old 2012 Mac Book Air I used to use still has an order of magnitude better latency than what you're reporting.
If I owned that I'd run a full hardware diagnostic[1] and would strongly consider doing a clean wipe and reinstall. One easy thing to try would be booting in recovery mode[2] and seeing what the latency is like in the built-in applications there after it starts up. If that's normal speed, you could create a new user and see if that's affected to see whether it's something like a problem with the spelling dictionary, etc. (it's possible that this has nothing to do with text input and is just a general problem, too, but that's the first thing which came to mind).