The limitation is in the other direction, the iphone can’t be read or written over nfc as if it were a tag by an nfc reader (feature is called host card emulation).
It is technically possible but apple makes it very difficult to get the entitlement. When a project I was working on tried to get it (to enable the use case of unmanned sports and library facilities unlocked by swiping the phone instead of a badge), they failed. Apple basically ghosted us. After a while they simply stopped responding to our questions. This is why we can’t have nice things on iphone.
