You lose enough of the features that I would not use them with Android regularly. Most importantly, the only high fidelity bluetooth codec they support is AAC, which most Android devices do not support, causing you to fall back to SBC. You will also not be able to adjust any of the settings.

I can't comment on Air Pods since I don't use them, but there are other high quality ear buds with ANC that work on any device. I'm particular to Bose ANC 700 which are over-ear and more comfortable for me, but definitely don't fit snugly under a hood. Jabra elites are excellent and similar form factor to Air Pods.

They function as headphones. The main issue, for worse or sometimes for better, is that you need an iPhone to update the firmware. Apple's Quick pairing also won't work, but Android doesn't really have an equivalent anyway.