I can sort of paint the picture of what takes place here (Canada - also a large land mass country).
we have a rather large public rail system run by the government (GO Transit: https://www.gotransit.com/en/)
it is fairly cost effective, modern, and the trains are all new and comfortable.
we also have a major problem with a population which seems to refuse to accept they cant afford to live where they want.
Everything is about "affordable housing in Toronto", but this is unrealistic.
Once i had a conversation at work on this. A younger employee was complaining that he wasnt able to afford a nice house in Toronto and how "unfair" this was.
The problem is he was making these comments to 5 others, not one of us lived in Toronto either, as we cant afford it.
He refused to commute, and felt he was somehow "entitled" to live where he (and millions of others) want to live.
So in short, while the US and Canada have plenty of space, the population doesn't want to live there because the commutes are around an hour each way to work.
we also have serious NIMBY issues, where any attempt to increase population density is met with fierce resistance by the local residents who are concerned about their own property values.