The US did not give rights to Blacks, etc. The US
recognized those rights. This is the genius of the Declaration of Independence. This is exceptional.
The criticism that the Constitution didn't go all the way in the first go is a bit unreasonable. People forget how far it did go. For example, it rejected the notion of a nobility class. It explicitly rejected establishment of a state religion. We forget how exceptional this was at the time, we just take it for granted.