Heritage Daily:
> The Buccaneering Period, a time when French seamen attacked Spanish colonies and shipping in the Caribbean and eastern Pacific.
Wikipedia:
> The buccaneering period (approximately 1650 to 1680), characterized by Anglo-French seamen based in Jamaica and Tortuga attacking Spanish colonies, and shipping in the Caribbean and eastern Pacific.
Heritage Daily:
> The Post-Spanish Succession Period, when Anglo-American sailors and privateers left unemployed by the end of the War of the Spanish Succession turned to piracy in the Caribbean, the Indian Ocean, the North American eastern seaboard, and the West African coast.
Wikipedia:
> The post-Spanish Succession period (1715 to 1726), when Anglo-American sailors and privateers left unemployed by the end of the War of the Spanish Succession turned en masse to piracy in the Caribbean, the Indian Ocean, the North American eastern seaboard, and the West African coast.
Heritage Daily:
> Whilst both captains may have used the same name for their flags, the flag designs were very different, suggesting that the name was a generic term for black pirate flags rather than a name for any specific flag design.
Wikipedia:
> While Spriggs and Roberts used the same name for their flags, their flag designs were very different, suggesting that already "Jolly Roger" was a generic term for black pirate flags rather than a name for any single specific design.
Heritage Daily:
> Another reference of ‘Old Roger’ can be found in a news report from 1723 in the Weekly Journal or British Gazetteer
Wikipedia:
> Another early reference to "Old Roger" is found in a news report in the Weekly Journal or British Gazetteer (London, Saturday, October 19, 1723; Issue LVII, p. 2, col. 1)
Heritage Daily:
> By the end of the War of the Spanish Succession in 1714, many privateers turned to piracy
Wikipedia:
> With the end of the War of the Spanish Succession in 1714, many privateers turned to piracy.
Heritage Daily:
> Pirate ships would normally fly a false flag or sail without colours until they had their prey within firing range. They then raised the Jolly Roger, often simultaneously with a warning shot
Wikipedia:
> pirate ships usually stocked a variety of flags, and would normally fly a false flag or no colours until they had their prey within firing range. When the pirates' intended victim was within range, the Jolly Roger would be raised, often simultaneously with a warning shot.
Heritage Daily:
> Flying a Jolly Roger was a reliable way of proving oneself a pirate, only a pirate would dare fly the Jolly Roger, as he was already under threat of execution if caught.
Wikipedia:
> Flying a Jolly Roger was a reliable way of proving oneself a pirate. Just possessing or using a Jolly Roger was considered proof that one was a criminal pirate rather than something more legitimate; only a pirate would dare fly the Jolly Roger, as he was already under threat of execution.
