While most of the comments here centre on the 2nd amendment, this small thread is the only one that touches what matters.
Why are kids plotting mass shootings? It's not because they have access to weapons. It's because something is VERY broken in their family nucleus and values.
I understand your point that there's no way the government can police family education. But what I would suggest is to make parents and legal guardians directly and fully responsible for their kids crimes.
Your children killed? You are charged with accessory murder or manslaughter. Your daughter stole? YOU are charged as well.
It is YOUR choice what you decide to teach or not to your kids. But on the flipside, it also becomes your responsibility.
This would also work with the problems the UK had (I lived there several years ago) of delinquent kids. You had 10 year olds doing crime who just got ASBOs (collectable paper for them,) and the parents were nowhere to be seen. Charge the parents for their children crimes, as adults.